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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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austria.4
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Economy
Overview: Austria boasts a prosperous and stable capitalist
economy with a sizable proportion of nationalized industry
and extensive welfare benefits. Thanks to an excellent raw
material endowment, a technically skilled labor force, and
strong links with West German industrial firms, Austria
has successfully occupied specialized niches in European
industry and services (tourism, banking) and produces almost
enough food to feed itself with only 8% of the labor force
in agriculture. Living standards are roughly comparable
with the large industrial countries of Western Europe.
Problems for the l990s include an aging population and the
struggle to keep welfare benefits within budget capabilities.
GDP: $103.2 billion, per capita $13,600; real growth rate 4.2%
(1989 est.).
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.7% (1989).
Unemployment: 4.8% (1989).
Budget: revenues $34.2 billion; expenditures $39.5 billion,
including capital expenditures of NA (1988).
Exports: $31.2 billion (f.o.b., 1989); commodities--machinery
and equipment, iron and steel, lumber, textiles, paper products,
chemicals; partners--FRG 35%, Italy 10%, Eastern Europe 9%,
Switzerland 7%, US 4%, OPEC 3%.
Imports: $37.9 billion (c.i.f., 1989); commodities--petroleum,
foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, vehicles, chemicals,
textiles and clothing, pharmaceuticals; partners--FRG 44%,
Italy 9%, Eastern Europe 6%, Switzerland 5%, US 4%, USSR 2%.
External debt: $12.4 billion (December 1987).
Industrial production: growth rate 5.8% (1989 est.).
Electricity: 17,562,000 kW capacity; 49,290 million kWh
produced, 6,500 kWh per capita (1989).
Industries: foods, iron and steel, machines, textiles, chemicals,
electrical, paper and pulp, tourism, mining.
Agriculture: accounts for 4% of GDP (including forestry);
principal crops and animals--grains, fruit, potatoes, sugar
beets, sawn wood, cattle, pigs poultry; 80-90% self-sufficient
in food.
Aid: donor--ODA and OOF commitments (1970-87), $1.7 billion.
Currency: Austrian schilling (plural--schillings); 1 Austrian
schilling (S) = 100 groschen.
Exchange rates: Austrian schillings (S) per US$1--11.907
(January 1990), 13.231 (1989), 12.348 (1988), 12.643 (1987),
15.267 (1986), 20.690 (1985).
Fiscal year: calendar year.